THIS DAY IN HISTORY: DECEMBER 02 (2025)

December 2is the 336th day of the year (337th inleap years) in theGregorian calendar; 29 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

• 1244–Pope Innocent IVarrives atLyonfor theFirst Council of Lyon.
• 1409– TheUniversity of Leipzigopens.

1601–1900

• 1697–St Paul’s Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of SirChristopher Wrenfollowing theGreat Fire of London, is consecrated.
• 1763– Dedication of theTouro Synagogue, inNewport, Rhode Island, the first synagogue in what will become the United States.
• 1766—The Swedish parliament approves the Swedish Freedom of the Press Act and implements it as a ground law, making Sweden the first country in the world to havefreedom of speech.
• 1804– AtNotre Dame Cathedralin Paris,Napoleon BonapartecrownshimselfEmperor of the French.
• 1805–War of the Third Coalition:Battle of Austerlitz: French troops underNapoleondecisively defeat a jointRusso-Austrianforce.
• 1823–Monroe Doctrine: In aState of the Union message, U.S. PresidentJames Monroeproclaims American neutrality in future European conflicts, and warns European powers not to interfere in the Americas.
• 1845–Manifest Destiny: In aState of the Union message, U.S. PresidentJames K. Polkproposes that the United States should aggressively expand into the West.
• 1848–Franz Joseph IbecomesEmperor of Austria.
• 1851– French PresidentLouis-Napoléon Bonaparteoverthrows theSecond Republic.
• 1852– Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte becomes Emperor of the French asNapoleon III.
• 1859–Origins of the American Civil War: MilitantabolitionistleaderJohn Brownis hanged for hisOctober raidonHarpers Ferry, Virginia(now West Virginia).
• 1865–Alabamaratifies the13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, followed by North Carolina, then Georgia; U.S. slaves were legally free within two weeks.
• 1867– AtTremont TempleinBoston, British authorCharles Dickensgives his first public reading in the United States.
• 1899–Philippine–American War: TheBattle of Tirad Pass, known as the “Filipino Thermopylae”, is fought.

1901–present

• 1908–PuyibecomesEmperor of Chinaat the age of two.
• 1917–World War I: Russia and the Central Powers sign an armistice atBrest-Litovsk, and peace talks leading to theTreaty of Brest-Litovskbegin.
• 1927– Following 19 years ofFord Model Tproduction, theFord Motor Companyunveils theFord Model Aas its new automobile.
• 1930–Great Depression: In aState of the Union message, U.S. PresidentHerbert Hooverproposes a $150million public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy.
• 1939– New York City’sLaGuardia Airportopens.
• 1942–World War II: During theManhattan Project, a team led byEnrico Fermi initiated thefirst artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.
• 1943– World War II: ALuftwaffe bombing raid on the harbor ofBari, Italy, sinks numerous cargo and transport ships, including the AmericanSSJohn Harvey, which is carrying a stockpile ofmustard gas.
• 1947–Jerusalem Riots of 1947: Arabs riot inJerusalemin response to theUnited Nations Partition Plan for Palestine.
• 1949–Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Othersis adopted.
• 1950–Korean War: TheBattle of the Ch’ongch’on Riverends with a decisive Chinese victory andUN forcesare completely expelled fromNorth Korea.
• 1954–Cold War: TheUnited States Senatevotes 65 to 22 to censureJoseph McCarthyfor “conduct that tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute”.
• 1954 – TheSino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, between the United States andTaiwan, is signed in Washington, D.C.
• 1956– TheGranmareaches the shores ofCuba’sOriente Province.Fidel Castro,Che Guevaraand 80 other members of the26th of July Movementdisembark to initiate theCuban Revolution.
• 1957–United Nations Security Council Resolution 126relating to theKashmir conflictis adopted.
• 1961– In a nationally broadcast speech,CubanleaderFidel Castrodeclares that he is aMarxist–Leninistand that Cuba will adoptCommunism.
• 1962—Vietnam War: After a trip to Vietnam at the request of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, U.S. Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield becamethe first American official to comment adversely on the war’s progress.
• 1968–Wien Consolidated Airlines Flight 55crashes intoPedro Bay, Alaska, killing all 39 people on board.
• 1970– TheUnited States Environmental Protection Agencybegins operations.
• 1971–Abu Dhabi,Ajman,Fujairah,Sharjah,Dubai, andUmm al-Quwainform theUnited Arab Emirates.
• 1975–Laotian Civil War: ThePathet Laoseizes theLaotiancapital ofVientiane, forces the abdication of KingSisavang Vatthana, and proclaims the Lao People’s Democratic Republic.
• 1976–Fidel CastrobecomesPresident of Cuba, replacingOsvaldo Dorticós Torrado.
• 1977– ATupolev Tu-154crashesnearBenghazi, Libya, killing 59.
• 1980–Salvadoran Civil War:Four American missionariesare raped and murdered by a death squad.
• 1982– At theUniversity of Utah,Barney Clarkbecomes the first person to receive a permanentartificial heart.
• 1988–Benazir Bhuttois sworn in asPrime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first woman to head the government of a Muslim-majority state.
• 1988 –Space ShuttleAtlantisis launched onSTS-27, a classified mission for theUnited States Department of Defense.
• 1989– ThePeace Agreement of Hat Yaiis signed and ratified by theMalayan Communist Party (MCP) and the governments of Malaysia and Thailand, ending the over two-decades-long communist insurgency in Malaysia.
• 1990–Space ShuttleColumbiais launched onSTS-35, carrying the ASTRO-1Spacelabobservatory.
• 1991– Canada and Poland become the first nations to recognize the independence ofUkrainefrom theSoviet Union.
• 1992–Space ShuttleDiscoveryis launched onSTS-53for the United States Department of Defense.
• 1993–Colombiandrug lordPablo Escobaris shot and killed by police inMedellín.
• 1993 –Space Shuttle program:STS-61:NASAlaunches theSpace ShuttleEndeavouron a mission to repair theHubble Space Telescope.
• 1999– The United Kingdom devolves political power inNorthern Irelandto theNorthern Ireland Executivefollowing theGood Friday Agreement.
• 2001–Enronfiles for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
• 2015–San Bernardino attack:SyedRizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malikkill 14 people and wound 22 at theInland Regional CenterinSan Bernardino, California.
• 2016– Thirty-six people die ina fireat a convertedOakland, California, warehouse serving as anartist collective.
• 2020–Cannabisisremoved from the list of most dangerous drugsof theinternational drug control treatyby theUNCommission on Narcotic Drugs.

Births

Pre-1600

• 503–Emperor Jianwen of Liang, emperor of the ChineseLiang dynasty(d. 551)
• 1501–Queen Munjeong, Korean queen (d. 1565)
• 1578–Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer and theorist (d. 1641)
• 1599–Thomas Bruce, 1st Earl of Elgin, Scottish nobleman (d. 1663)

1601–1900

• 1629–Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg, Catholic cardinal (d. 1704)
• 1694–William Shirley, English-American lawyer and politician,Governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay(d. 1771)
• 1703–Ferdinand Konščak, Croatian missionary and explorer (d. 1759)
• 1738–Richard Montgomery, Irish-American general (d. 1775)
• 1754–William Cooper, an American judge and politician, founded Cooperstown, New York(d. 1809)
• 1759–James Edward Smith, English botanist and mycologist, founded theLinnean Society(d. 1828)
• 1760–John Breckinridge, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 5thUnited States Attorney General(d. 1806)
• 1760 –Joseph Graetz, German organist, composer, and educator (d. 1826)
• 1798–António Luís de Seabra, 1st Viscount of Seabra, Portuguese magistrate and politician (d. 1895)
• 1810–Henry Yesler, American businessman and politician, 7thMayor of Seattle(d. 1892)
• 1811–Jean-Charles Chapais, Canadian farmer and politician, 1stCanadian Minister of Agriculture(d. 1885)
• 1817–Heinrich von Sybel, German historian, academic, and politician (d. 1895)
• 1825–Pedro II of Brazil(d. 1891)
• 1827–William Burges, English architect and designer (d. 1881)
• 1846–Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau, French lawyer and politician, 68thPrime Minister of France(d. 1904)
• 1847–Deacon White, American baseball player and manager (d. 1939)
• 1859–Kateryna Melnyk-Antonovych, Ukrainian historian and archaeologist (d. 1942)
• 1859–Georges Seurat, French painter (d. 1891)
• 1860–Charles Studd, England cricketer and missionary (d. 1931)
• 1863–Charles Edward Ringling, an American businessman, co-founded the Ringling Brothers Circus(d. 1926)
• 1866–Harry Burleigh, American singer-songwriter (d. 1949)
• 1876–Yusuf Akçura, Tatar-Turkish activist and ideologue of Turanism (d. 1935)
• 1877–Cahir Healy, Northern IrishAnti-Partitionist, writer, and politician (d. 1970)
• 1884–Erima Harvey Northcroft, New Zealand soldier, lawyer, and judge (d. 1953)
• 1884 –Yahya Kemal Beyatlı, Turkish poet and author (d. 1958)
• 1885–George Minot, American physician and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 1950)
• 1891–Otto Dix, German painter and illustrator (d. 1969)
• 1891 –Charles H. Wesley, American historian and author (d. 1987)
• 1894–Warren William, American actor (d. 1948)
• 1895–Harriet Cohen, English pianist (d. 1967)
• 1897–Ivan Bagramyan, Russian general (d. 1982)
• 1897 –Rewi Alley, New Zealand writer and political activist (d. 1987)
• 1898–Indra Lal Roy, Indian lieutenant and first Indian fighter aircraft pilot (d. 1918)
• 1899–John Barbirolli, English cellist and conductor (d. 1970)
• 1899 –John Cobb, English race car driver and pilot (d. 1952)
• 1899 –Ray Morehart, American baseball player (d. 1989)
• 1900–Elisa Godínez Gómez de Batista, former First Lady of Cuba (d. 1993)
• 1900 –Herta Hammerbacher, German landscape architect and professor (d. 1985)

1901–present

• 1901–Raimundo Orsi, Argentinian-Italian footballer (d. 1986)
• 1906–Peter Carl Goldmark, Hungarian-American engineer (d. 1977)
• 1909–Arvo Askola, Finnish runner (d. 1975)
• 1909 –Walenty Kłyszejko, Estonian–Polish basketball player and coach (d. 1987)
• 1909 –Joseph P. Lash, American activist and author (d. 1987)
• 1910–Russell Lynes, American photographer, historian, and author (d. 1991)
• 1910 –Taisto Mäki, Finnish runner (d. 1979)
• 1912–George Emmett, English cricketer and coach (d. 1976)
• 1913–Marc Platt, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 2014)
• 1914–Bill Erwin, American actor (d. 2010)
• 1914 –Adolph Green, American playwright and composer (d. 2002)
• 1915–Takahito, Prince Mikasaof Japan (d. 2016)
• 1916–Howard Finster, American minister and painter (d. 2001)
• 1917–Sylvia Syms, American singer (d. 1992)
• 1921–Carlo Furno, Italian cardinal (d. 2015)
• 1922–Iakovos Kambanelis, Greek author, poet, and screenwriter (d. 2011)
• 1923–Maria Callas, American-Greek soprano and actress (d. 1977)
• 1924–Jonathan Frid, Canadian actor (d. 2012)
• 1924 –Alexander Haig, American general and politician, 59thUnited States Secretary of State(d. 2010)
• 1924 –Else Marie Pade, Danish composer (d. 2016)
• 1924 –Vilgot Sjöman, Swedish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
• 1925–Julie Harris, American actress (d. 2013)
• 1927–Ralph Beard, American basketball player (d. 2007)
• 1928–Guy Bourdin, French photographer (d. 1991)
• 1929–Dan Jenkins, American journalist and author (d. 2019)
• 1929 –Leon Litwack, American historian and author (d. 2021)
• 1930–Gary Becker, American economist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 2014)
• 1930 –David Piper, English race car driver
• 1931–Nigel Calder, English journalist, author, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
• 1931 –Masaaki Hatsumi, a Japanese martial artist and educator, founded Bujinkan
• 1931 –Wynton Kelly, American pianist and composer (d. 1971)
• 1931 –Edwin Meese, American lawyer, 75thUnited States Attorney General
• 1931 –Gareth Wigan, British film studio executive (d. 2010)
• 1933–Peter Robin Harding, English marshal and pilot (d. 2021)
• 1933 –Mike Larrabee, American sprinter and educator (d. 2003)
• 1934–Tarcisio Bertone, Italian cardinal
• 1935–David Hackett Fischer, American historian, author, and academic
• 1937–Manohar Joshi, Indian lawyer and politician, 15thChief Minister of Maharashtra(d. 2024)
• 1939–Yael Dayan, Israeli journalist, author, and politician
• 1939 –Francis Fox, Canadian lawyer and politician, 48thSecretary of State for Canada
• 1939 –Harry Reid, American lawyer and politician, 25thLieutenant Governor of Nevada(d. 2021)
• 1940–Willie Brown, American football player, coach, and manager (d. 2019)
• 1941–Mike England, Welsh footballer and manager
• 1941 –Tom McGuinness, English guitarist, songwriter, author, and producer
• 1942–Anna G. Jónasdóttir, Icelandic political scientist and academic
• 1943–Wayne Allard, American veterinarian and politician
• 1944–Cathy Lee Crosby, American actress and tennis player
• 1944 –Ibrahim Rugova, Kosovan journalist and politician, 1stPresident of Kosovo(d. 2006)
• 1944 –Dionysis Savvopoulos, Greek singer-songwriter
• 1944 –Botho Strauß, German author and playwright
• 1945–Penelope Spheeris, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1945 –Alan Thomson, Australian cricketer (d. 2022)
• 1946–John Banks, New Zealand businessman and politician, 38thMayor of Auckland City
• 1946 –David Macaulay, English-American author and illustrator
• 1946 –Gianni Versace, an Italian fashion designer, founded Versace(d. 1997)
• 1947–Isaac Bitton, Moroccan-French drummer and songwriter
• 1947 –Tommy Jenkins, English footballer and manager
• 1947 –Ivan Atanassov Petrov, Bulgarian neurologist and author
• 1948–Elizabeth Berg, American nurse and author
• 1948 –T. Coraghessan Boyle, American novelist and short story writer
• 1948 –Patricia Hewitt, Australian-English educator and politician, EnglishSecretary of State for Health
• 1948 –Toninho Horta, Brazilian guitarist and composer
• 1948 –Antonín Panenka, Czech footballer
• 1950–John Wesley Ryles, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1950 –Amin Saikal, Afghan-Australian political scientist and academic
• 1950 –Benjamin Stora, Algerian-French historian and author
• 1950 –Paul Watson, a Canadian activist, founded the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society
• 1952–Carol Shea-Porter, American social worker, academic, and politician
• 1952 –Keith Szarabajka, American actor
• 1954–Dan Butler, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1956–Steven Bauer, Cuban-American actor and producer
• 1957–Dagfinn Høybråten, Norwegian political scientist and politician,Norwegian Minister of Health
• 1958–Randy Gardner, American figure skater
• 1958 –Andrew George, English politician
• 1958 –Vladimir Parfenovich, Belarusian canoe racer and politician
• 1958 –George Saunders, American short story writer and essayist
• 1959–Kelefa Diallo, Guinean general (d. 2013)
• 1960–Peter Blakeley, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1960 –Deb Haaland, American politician, 54thUnited States Secretary of the Interior
• 1960 –Razzle, English rock drummer (d. 1984)
• 1960 –Rick Savage, English singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1960 –Silk Smitha, an Indian film actress
• 1962–John Dyegh, Nigerian businessman and politician
• 1963–Brendan Coyle, English actor
• 1963 –Ann Patchett, American author
• 1963 –Rich Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and scout
• 1963 –Ron Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1965–Shane Flanagan, Australian rugby league player and coach
• 1966–Philippe Etchebest, French chef and television host
• 1966 –Jinsei Shinzaki, Japanese wrestler and promoter, co-foundedSendai Girls’ Pro Wrestling
• 1967–Mary Creagh, English scholar and politician,Shadow Secretary of State for Transport
• 1968–David Batty, English footballer
• 1968 –Jiří Dopita, Czech ice hockey player
• 1968 –Darryl Kile, American baseball player (d. 2002)
• 1968 –Lucy Liu, American actress and producer
• 1968 –Nate Mendel, American singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1968 –Rena Sofer, American actress
• 1969–Ulrika Bergquist, Swedish journalist
• 1969 –Chris Kiwomya, English footballer
• 1969 –Pavel Loskutov, Estonian runner
• 1969 –Tanya Plibersek, Australian journalist and politician, 45thAustralian Minister of Health
• 1970–Joe Lo Truglio, American actor and comedian
• 1970 –Maksim Tarasov, Russian pole vaulter
• 1970 –Treach, American rapper and actor
• 1971–Wilson Jermaine Heredia, American actor and singer
• 1971 –Rachel McQuillan, Australian tennis player
• 1971 –Jüri Reinvere, Estonian-German composer and poet
• 1971 –Francesco Toldo, Italian footballer
• 1971 –Mine Yoshizaki, Japanese illustrator
• 1972–Alan Henderson, American basketball player
• 1972 –Sergei Zholtok, Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2004)
• 1973–Graham Kavanagh, Irish footballer and manager
• 1973 –Monica Seles, Serbian-American tennis player
• 1973 –Lee Steele, English footballer
• 1973 –Jan Ullrich, German cyclist
• 1975–Mark Kotsay, American baseball player and manager
• 1976 –Masafumi Gotoh, Japanese singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1977–Siyabonga Nomvethe, South African footballer
• 1978–Jarron Collins, American basketball player and coach
• 1978 –Jason Collins, American basketball player
• 1978 –Nelly Furtado, Canadian singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1978 –Luigi Malafronte, Italian footballer
• 1978 –Peter Moylan, Australian baseball player
• 1978 –Maëlle Ricker, Canadian snowboarder
• 1978 –David Rivas, Spanish footballer
• 1978 –Andrew Ryan, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
• 1978 –Christopher Wolstenholme, English singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1979–Yvonne Catterfeld, German singer-songwriter and actress
• 1979 –Michael McIndoe, Scottish footballer
• 1979 –Abdul Razzaq, Pakistani cricketer
• 1980–Adam Kreek, Canadian rower
• 1980 –Darryn Randall, South African cricketer (d. 2013)
• 1980 –Joel Ward, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1981–Maria Ferekidi, Greek canoe racer
• 1981 –Eric Jungmann, American actor
• 1981 –Thomas Pöck, Austrian ice hockey player
• 1981 –Danijel Pranjić, Croatian footballer
• 1981 –Britney Spears, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
• 1982–Christos Karipidis, Greek footballer
• 1982 –Matt Walsh, American basketball player
• 1983–Action Bronson, American rapper, songwriter, chef, and television host
• 1983 –Chris Burke, Scottish footballer
• 1983 –Bibiana Candelas, Mexican volleyball player
• 1983 –Jaime Durán, Mexican footballer
• 1983 –Eugene Jeter, American-Ukrainian basketball player, coach, and executive
• 1983 –Jana Kramer, American actress and singer
• 1983 –Aaron Rodgers, American football player
• 1983 –Daniela Ruah, Portuguese-American actress
• 1984–Péter Máté, Hungarian footballer
• 1985–Amaury Leveaux, French swimmer
• 1985 –Dorell Wright, American basketball player
• 1986–Song Ha-yoon, South Korean actress
• 1986 –Claudiu Keșerü, Romanian footballer
• 1986 –Renee Montgomery, American basketball player and executive
• 1986 –Tal Wilkenfeld, Australian bass player and composer
• 1988–Alfred Enoch, English actor
• 1988 –Stephen McGinn, Scottish footballer
• 1989–Etta Bond, English singer-songwriter
• 1989 –Matteo Darmian, Italian footballer
• 1989 –Cassie Steele, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress
• 1989 –Robert Turbin, American football player
• 1990–Emmanuel Agyemang-Badu, Ghanaian footballer
• 1990 –Gastón Ramírez, Uruguayan footballer
• 1991–Chloé Dufour-Lapointe, Canadian skier
• 1991 –Brandon Knight, American basketball player
• 1991 –Charlie Puth, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1992–Sim Bhullar, Canadian basketball player
• 1992 –Gary Sánchez, Dominican baseball player
• 1993–Haruka Ishida, Japanese singer and actress
• 1993 –Kostas Stafylidis, Greek footballer
• 1994–Zach Cunningham, American football player
• 1994 –Aaron Jones, American football player
• 1994 –Elias Lindholm, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1994 –Fumika Shimizu, Japanese actress and model
• 1994 –Tomokaze Yūta, Japanese sumo wrestler
• 1995–Uladzislau Hancharou, Belarusian trampolinist
• 1995 –Inori Minase, Japanese actress, voice actress and singer
• 1996–Jake Doran, Australian cricketer
• 1997–De’Andre Hunter, American basketball player
• 1998–Annalise Basso, American actress
• 1998 –Anna Kalinskaya, Russian tennis player
• 1998 –Juice Wrld, American rapper, singer and songwriter (d. 2019)
• 2003–Neil Erasmus, South African-Australian footballer
• 2004–Ilia Malinin, American competitive figure skater

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 537–Pope Silverius
• 930–Ma Yin, Chinese warlord, king ofChu (Ten Kingdoms)(b. 853)
• 949–Odo of Wetterau, German nobleman
• 1022–Elvira Menéndez, queen ofAlfonso V of Castile(b. 996)
• 1255–Muhammad III of Alamut, Nizari Ismaili Imam
• 1340–Geoffrey le Scrope, Chief Justice of King Edward III of England
• 1348–Emperor Hanazonoof Japan (b. 1297)
• 1381–John of Ruusbroec, Flemish priest and mystic (b. 1293)
• 1455–Isabel of Coimbra, queen of Portugal (b. 1432)
• 1463–Albert VI, Archduke of Austria(b. 1418)
• 1469–Piero di Cosimo de’ Medici, Italian banker and politician (b. 1416)
• 1510–Muhammad Shaybani,KhanofBukhara(b. 1451)
• 1515–Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general (b. 1453)
• 1547–Hernán Cortés, Spanish general and explorer (b. 1485)
• 1594–Gerardus Mercator, Flemish mathematician, cartographer, and philosopher (b. 1512)

1601–1900

• 1615–Louis des Balbes de Berton de Crillon, French general (b. 1541)
• 1665–Catherine de Vivonne, Marquise de Rambouillet, French author (b. 1588)
• 1694–Pierre Puget, French painter, sculptor, and architect (b. 1622)
• 1719–Pasquier Quesnel, French theologian and author (b. 1634)
• 1723–Philippe II, Duke of Orléans(b. 1674)
• 1726–Samuel Penhallow, English-American historian and author (b. 1665)
• 1747–Vincent Bourne, English poet and scholar (b. 1695)
• 1748–Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, English politician,Lord President of the Council(b. 1662)
• 1774–Johann Friedrich Agricola, German organist and composer (b. 1720)
• 1814–Marquis de Sade, French philosopher, author, and politician (b. 1740)
• 1844–Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko, Polish general and politician (b. 1768)
• 1849–Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen(b. 1792)
• 1859–John Brown, American abolitionist (b. 1800)
• 1881–Jenny von Westphalen, German author (b. 1814)
• 1885–Allen Wright, Principal chief of theChoctaw Nation(1866–1870); proposed the name “Oklahoma”, from Choctaw wordsokraandumma, meaning “Territory of the Red People.” (b. 1826)
• 1888–Namık Kemal, Turkish journalist, poet, and playwright (b. 1840)
• 1892–Jay Gould, American businessman and financier (b. 1836)
• 1899–Gregorio del Pilar, Filipino general and politician, 1stGovernor of Bulacan(b. 1875)

1901–present

• 1918–Edmond Rostand, French poet and playwright (b. 1868)
• 1924–Kazimieras Būga, Lithuanian linguist and philologist (b. 1879)
• 1927–Paul Heinrich von Groth, German scientist who systematically classified minerals and founded the journalZeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie(b. 1843)
• 1931–Vincent d’Indy, French composer and educator (b. 1851)
• 1936–John Ringling, American businessman, co-foundedRingling Brothers Circus(b. 1866)
• 1943–Nordahl Grieg, Norwegian journalist and author (b. 1902)
• 1944–Josef Lhévinne, Russian pianist and educator (b. 1874)
• 1944 –Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Egyptian-Italian poet and composer (b. 1876)
• 1944 –Eiji Sawamura, Japanese baseball player and soldier (b. 1917)
• 1950–Dinu Lipatti, Romanian pianist and composer (b. 1917)
• 1953–Reginald Baker, Australian rugby player (b. 1884)
• 1953 –Trần Trọng Kim, Vietnamese historian, scholar, and politician,Prime Minister of Vietnam(b. 1883)
• 1957–Harrison Ford, American actor (b. 1884)
• 1957 –Manfred Sakel, Ukrainian-American neurophysiologist and psychiatrist (b. 1902)
• 1966–L. E. J. Brouwer, Dutch mathematician and philosopher (b. 1881)
• 1966 –Giles Cooper, Irish author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1918)
• 1967–Francis Spellman, American cardinal (b. 1889).
• 1969–José María Arguedas, Peruvian anthropologist, author, and poet (b. 1911)
• 1969 –Kliment Voroshilov, Ukrainian-Russian marshal and politician, 3rdHead of State of The Soviet Union(b. 1881)
• 1974–Sylvi Kekkonen, Finnish writer and wife of President of FinlandUrho Kekkonen(b. 1900)
• 1974 –Max Weber, Swiss lawyer and politician (b. 1897)
• 1976–Danny Murtaugh, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
• 1980–Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Indian-Pakistani lawyer and politician, 4thPrime Minister of Pakistan(b. 1905)
• 1980 –Romain Gary, Lithuanian-French author, director, and screenwriter (b. 1914)
• 1981–Wallace Harrison, American architect, co-foundedHarrison & Abramovitz(b. 1895)
• 1982–Marty Feldman, English actor and comedian (b. 1934)
• 1982 –Giovanni Ferrari, Italian footballer and manager (b. 1907)
• 1983–Fifi D’Orsay, Canadian-American actress and singer (b. 1904)
• 1985–Philip Larkin, English poet, author, and librarian (b. 1922)
• 1986–Desi Arnaz, Cuban-American actor, singer, businessman, and television producer (b. 1917)
• 1986 –John Curtis Gowan, American psychologist and academic (b. 1912)
• 1987–Luis Federico Leloir, French-Argentinian physician and biochemist,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1906)
• 1987 –Yakov Borisovich Zel’dovich, Belarusian physicist, astronomer, and cosmologist (b. 1914)
• 1988–Karl-Heinz Bürger, German colonel (b. 1904)
• 1988 –Tata Giacobetti, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1922)
• 1990–Aaron Copland, American composer and conductor (b. 1900)
• 1990 –Robert Cummings, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1908)
• 1993–Pablo Escobar, Colombian drug lord (b. 1949)
• 1995–Robertson Davies, Canadian author, playwright, and critic (b. 1913)
• 1995 –Roxie Roker, American actress (b. 1929)
• 1995 –Mária Telkes, Hungarian–American biophysicist and chemist (b. 1900)
• 1997–Shirley Crabtree, English wrestler (b. 1930)
• 1997 –Michael Hedges, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1953)
• 1999–Charlie Byrd, American guitarist (b. 1925)
• 2000–Gail Fisher, American actress (b. 1935)
• 2002–Ivan Illich, Austrian priest and philosopher (b. 1926)
• 2002 –Arno Peters, German cartographer and historian (b. 1916)
• 2003–Alan Davidson, British soldier, historian, and author (b. 1924)
• 2004–Alicia Markova, English ballerina and choreographer (b. 1910)
• 2004 –Mona Van Duyn, American poet and academic (b. 1921)
• 2005–William P. Lawrence, American admiral and pilot (b. 1930)
• 2005 –Van Tuong Nguyen, Australian convicted drug trafficker (b. 1980)
• 2006–Mariska Veres, Dutch singer (b. 1947)
• 2007–Jennifer Alexander, Canadian-American ballerina, and actress (b. 1972)
• 2007 –Elizabeth Hardwick, American literary critic, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1916)
• 2008–Odetta, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress (b. 1930)
• 2008 –Henry Molaison, Americanmemory disorderpatient (b. 1926)
• 2008 –Edward Samuel Rogers, Canadian lawyer and businessman (b. 1933)
• 2008 –Renato de Grandis, Italian composer, musicologist, and writer (b. 1927)
• 2009–Foge Fazio, American football player and coach (b. 1938)
• 2009 –Eric Woolfson, Scottish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1945)
• 2012–Tom Hendry, Canadian playwright, co-founded theManitoba Theatre Centre(b. 1929)
• 2012 –Ehsan Naraghi, Iranian sociologist and author (b. 1926)
• 2013–William Allain, American soldier and politician, 58thGovernor of Mississippi(b. 1928)
• 2013 –Jean-Claude Beton, Algerian-French engineer, and businessman, founded Orangina(b. 1925)
• 2013 –Marcelo Déda, Brazilian lawyer and politician (b. 1960)
• 2013 –Junior Murvin, Jamaican singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
• 2014–A. R. Antulay, Indian lawyer and politician, 8thChief Minister of Maharashtra(b. 1929)
• 2014 –Jean Béliveau, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1931)
• 2014 –Josie Cichockyj, English basketball player and coach (b. 1964)
• 2014 –Bobby Keys, American saxophonist (b. 1943)
• 2014 –Don Laws, American figure skater and coach (b. 1929)
• 2015–Sandy Berger, American lawyer and politician, 19thUnited States National Security Advisor(b. 1945)
• 2015 –Will McMillan, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1944)
• 2015 –George T. Sakato, American soldier,Medal of Honorrecipient (b. 1921)
• 2020–Pat Patterson, American wrestler (b. 1941)
• 2024–Helmut Duckadam, Romanian footballer (b. 1959)

Holidays and observances

• Armed Forces Day (Cuba)
• Christianfeast day:
  • Avitus of Rouen
  • Bibiana
  • Channing Moore Williams(Anglicanism)
  • Chromatius
  • Habakkuk(Eastern Orthodox)
  • December 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• International Day for the Abolition of Slavery(United Nations)
• Lao National Day
• National Day (United Arab Emirates)

References

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